What does the term 'process capability' refer to?

The term 'process capability' specifically refers to the ability of a process to produce outputs that fall within specified limits of quality or performance. This concept is crucial in the context of Total Quality Management (TQM) as it assesses whether the inherent variation of the process meets customer requirements and standards.

Understanding process capability involves analyzing how consistent a process is in producing products or services that meet predetermined tolerances. When a process is deemed capable, it essentially means that there is a high level of predictability in the output, which is essential for quality assurance and overall customer satisfaction.

The other options, while related to production and quality, do not accurately define process capability. The efficiency of a production line relates more to how well resources are utilized rather than the ability to stay within specifications. The speed of processing data pertains to time efficiency and may not address quality directly. The overall quality of a product can be influenced by process capability, but it is a broader concept that includes many factors beyond just the process itself. Therefore, option B is the most precise and relevant definition concerning process capability in the context of TQM.