What does TQM stand for?

Total Quality Management (TQM) is a management approach aimed at long-term success through customer satisfaction. It is a comprehensive system designed to improve the quality of products and services through continuous refinements in response to continuous feedback. TQM encompasses various principles, including a strong focus on customer needs, data-driven decision-making, and cross-functional collaboration.

The term "Total" signifies that this approach applies to all levels and processes within an organization, ensuring that quality is an integral part of every aspect, from planning to execution. "Quality" refers to the standard of excellence an organization strives to achieve. "Management" implies that this is not just about processes but also includes leadership and strategy to foster a culture of quality throughout the organization.

In contrast, the other options do not capture the essence of TQM. Tactical Quality Management, Total Quantitative Methodology, and Tactical Quality Measure suggest a more limited or specific approach rather than the comprehensive and systematic nature of Total Quality Management. Therefore, the correct answer encapsulates the holistic philosophy and strategy that TQM represents in the pursuit of quality improvement and customer satisfaction.