Which technique is commonly used in TQM to analyze processes?

The Fishbone Diagram, also known as the Ishikawa or cause-and-effect diagram, is a widely used tool in Total Quality Management (TQM) for analyzing processes and identifying potential causes of problems or defects. This technique allows teams to visually map out various contributing factors to a particular issue by categorizing them, usually into major categories such as people, processes, materials, and environment.

Using this diagram helps teams systematically explore all potential causes leading to a specific effect, thereby facilitating root cause analysis. In TQM, where continuous improvement and problem-solving are pivotal, the Fishbone Diagram effectively supports identifying and addressing underlying causes instead of just symptoms.

Other techniques mentioned, such as Pareto Analysis, while also valuable in TQM, specifically focus on prioritizing problems based on their frequency or impact rather than directly analyzing processes. Cycle Time Analysis assesses the time taken for a process but does not delve into the causes behind issues or defects. SWOT Analysis is used for strategic planning to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, rather than analyzing specific processes as required in TQM practices.