Who defined total quality control as an effective system for integrating quality efforts within an organization?

The correct choice is Armand V. Feigenbaum, who defined total quality control as an effective system for integrating quality efforts within an organization. Feigenbaum emphasized the importance of a unified approach to quality, which involves all members of an organization working together towards a common goal of quality management. His concept of total quality control highlighted the need for involving various departments and functions in the quality improvement process, suggesting that quality is not limited to just the production floor but includes all aspects of an organization.

Feigenbaum's framework laid a foundation for what we now consider Total Quality Management (TQM), which encompasses a holistic approach to improving organizational quality through engagement at all levels. His view stressed that quality must be strategically integrated into the organization's culture and processes, ensuring that it becomes part of the overall management strategy rather than a separate function.

In contrast, while other figures like Philip Crosby, Dr. Kaoru Ishikawa, and Joseph Juran made significant contributions to quality management and have their own philosophies and methodologies, it was Feigenbaum who specifically articulated the concept of total quality control in the context of integrating efforts across an organization. Each of these individuals brought valuable perspectives to the field, but it was Feigenbaum's focus on comprehensive integration of